Introduction to Logic solution – the square of opposition

propositions

1. a. Universal affirmative. A

1. b. Universal negative. E

1. c. Particular affirmative. I

1. d. Particular negative. O

 

2. a. Universal negative. E

2. b. Particular affirmative. I

2. c. Particular negative. O

2. d. Universal … 더 읽고 싶어요

Introduction to Logic solution – Identify the subject and predicate terms in

EXAMPLE 1

Particular affirmative propositions.

Subject: Some historians

Predicate: extremely gifted writers

 

EXAMPLE 2

Universal negative propositions

Subject: athletes who have ever accepted pay for participating in sports

Predicate: amateurs

 

EXAMPLE 3

Universal negative propositions

Subject: dogs that … 더 읽고 싶어요

Introduction to Logic solution – Identify the agreement or disagreement

EXAMPLE 1

Disagreement.

 

EXAMPLE 2

Disagreement.

 

EXAMPLE 3

Disagreement.

 

EXAMPLE 4

Agreement.

 

EXAMPLE 5

Disagreement.

 

EXAMPLE 6

Agreement.

 

EXAMPLE 7

Agreement.

 

EXAMPLE 8

Disagreement.

 

EXAMPLE 9

Disagreement.

 

EXAMPLE 10

Disagreement.

 … 더 읽고 싶어요

Introduction to Logic solution – the functions and forms of language

EXAMPLE A1

Directive.

 

EXAMPLE A2

Expressive.

 

EXAMPLE A3

Expressive.

 

EXAMPLE A4

Informative.

 

EXAMPLE A5

Expressive.

 

EXAMPLE A6

Directive.

 

EXAMPLE A7

Expressive.

 

EXAMPLE A8

Informative.

 

EXAMPLE A9

Informative.

 

EXAMPLE A10

Informative.

 … 더 읽고 싶어요

Introduction to Logic solution – Analyzing Arguments

EXAMPLE 1

1) If second native is politician

2nd politician
1st politician
3rd non-politician

two politicians

2) If second native is non-politician

2nd non-politician
1st non-politician
3rd politician

one politician

 

EXAMPLE 2

1) second – red, third – red… 더 읽고 싶어요

Introduction to Logic solution – Explanations and Arguments

EXAMPLE 2

2. David Bernstein [in Only One Place of Redress: African Americans, Labor Regulations, and the Courts from Reconstruction to the New Deal, 2001] places labor laws at the center of the contemporary plight of black Americans.

Many of … 더 읽고 싶어요

Introduction to Logic solution – Identifying the premises and conclusions

EXAMPLE 2

What stops many people from photocopying a book and giving it to a pal is not integrity but logistics; it’s easier and inexpensive to buy your friend a paperback copy.

—Randy Cohen, The New York Times Magazine, 26 … 더 읽고 싶어요